Paipa raina API 5L mō te paipa raina hinu me te hau

E ai ki te whakamahinga, e toru ngā momo o ngā paipa hau: ngā paipa kohikohi hau, ngā paipa hau, me ngā paipa tohatoha hau.

①Paipa kohikohi hau: ko te paipa mai i te pūtake o te puna hau mā te teihana kohikohi ki te tipu maimoatanga hau, ki te teihana kōpeke hau tīmatanga rānei, e whakamahia ana hei kohikohi i te hau māori kāore i rongoatia i tangohia mai i te paparanga. Nā te pēhanga teitei o te puna hau, ko te pēhanga o te paipa kohikohi hau he nui ake i te 100 kgf/cm2, ā, ko te diameter o te paipa he 50 ki te 150 mm.

②Ngā paipa hau: ngā paipa mai i ngā tipu tukatuka hau, i ngā teihana kōpeke hau tīmatanga rānei o ngā pūtake hau ki ngā pokapū tohatoha hau, ki ngā kaiwhakamahi nui, ki ngā putunga hau rānei i ngā tāone nui, tae atu ki ngā paipa e whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ana i waenga i ngā pūtake hau. I muri i te tukatuka, ka rite te paipa ki te kawe paipa. Ko te hau maori paerewa kounga (tirohia te hangarau tuku hau paipa) te wāhanga matua o te pūnaha tuku hau katoa. He nui ake te diameter o te paipa hau i te paipa kohikohi hau me te paipa tohatoha hau. Ko te diameter o te paipa hau nui rawa atu he 1420 mm. Ka haria te hau maori i raro i te pēhanga mai i te teihana kōpeke tīmatanga me ngā teihana kōpeke i te taha o te raina. Ko te pēhanga tuku hau he 70-80 kgf/cm2, ā, ka taea e te roa katoa o te paipa te eke ki ngā mano kiromita.

③Paipa tohatoha hau: ko te paipa mai i te teihana whakahaere me te ine pehanga o te tāone ki te raina peka kaiwhakamahi he iti te pehanga, he maha ngā manga, he whatunga paipa matotoru, ā, he iti te diameter o te paipa. Haunga te maha o ngā paipa rino, ka taea hoki te hanga i ngā paipa tohatoha hau iti te pehanga ki ngā paipa kirihou, ki ētahi atu rauemi rānei.

E whakamahia whānuitia ana te maitai X-60 he iti-koranu (te kaha o te 42 kgf/cm2) mō ngā paipa, ā, kua tīmata te whakamahi i ngā rauemi kaha ake pērā i te X-65 me te X-70. Hei whakaiti i te ātete waku i roto i te paipa, ko ngā paipa maitai hou neke atu i te 426 mm te roa kua pania ki ngā paninga o roto.

Ka haria ngā hau o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana rerekē i roto i te paipa kotahi, ā, ka whakamātauhia te kawe i ngā paipa hau māori me te wai i te -70°C me te 77 kgf/cm2 te pēhanga teitei. E rua ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha kawe paipa hau māori: te teihana tuku hau paipa me te pūnaha raina. Kei roto i te pūnaha raina ngā paipa, ngā rūma takirere i te taha o te huarahi, ngā whare whakawhiti (tirohia te kaupapa whakawhiti paipa me te kaupapa whakawhiti paipa), te teihana tiaki katote (tirohia te aukati waikura paipa), te pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti paipa, te pūnaha tuku me te aroturuki aunoa (tirohia te aroturuki paipa), me ētahi atu.

Ko te paipa rino te rauemi matua o ngā paipa. Ko te paipa rino tuku hau māori he hua whakarewa motuhake i hangaia mā te tukatuka hohonu o te pereti (whitiki). Nā te rerekētanga o te hangarau tukanga, he rerekētanga te whakaritenga o te maitai paipa i roto i te maitai paipa i hangaia e ngā kaihanga rerekē. I te whanaketanga tonu o te rangahau maitai paipa, kua whakatakotoria e Kanata me ētahi atu whenua ngā wāhanga whakamātautau o te maitai paipa X100 me te X120. I roto i te kaupapa paipa here-aho a Jining i Haina, i whakamahia te maitai paipa taumata-X80 mō te wāhanga whakamātautau 7.71km mō te wā tuatahi. Ko te Paipa Hau Hauāuru-Rawhiti-uru-roa 4,843km te roa o te raina matua o te raina tuarua e whakamahi ana i te maitai paipa taumata-X80 me te diameter o te 1219mm, e whakanui ana i te pēhanga tuku hau ki te 12Mpa. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te maitai X80 he hanganga wāhanga-rua o te ferrite me te bainite, ko te maitai paipa X100 he hanganga bainite, ā, ko te maitai paipa X120 he bainite me te martensite waro-iti rawa.

Mō ngā paipa hau māori, ko te kaha, te pakari me te āheinga whakarewa ngā tohu matua e toru mō te whakahaere kounga [6].